What kind of test available now for dengue diagnosis?
There are different tests can be used for the diagnosis of dengue fever.
Molecular Tests (PCR): Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a molecular technique used to detect the genetic material (RNA) of the dengue virus. PCR tests are highly sensitive and specific, capable of detecting the virus during the early stages of infection. These tests are commonly performed on blood samples and are useful for confirming dengue infection, identifying the specific dengue virus serotype, and differentiating dengue from other similar viral infections.
Antigen Tests: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) or point-of-care tests are available to detect dengue virus antigens in a patient's blood. These tests work by detecting viral proteins present during the acute phase of infection. They provide quick results within 15-20 minutes and are suitable for use in resource-limited settings. However, their sensitivity may vary depending on the timing of the test in relation to symptom onset.
Antibody Tests: Antibody-based tests detect the presence of dengue-specific antibodies in the blood, which the immune system produces in response to the infection. There are two types of antibody tests:
a. IgM Antibody Test: Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody tests are commonly used to diagnose acute dengue infections. IgM antibodies are produced early in the infection and can be detected within a few days after symptom onset. These tests help confirm recent dengue infection.
b. IgG Antibody Test: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody tests detect long-term antibodies produced in response to dengue infection. IgG antibodies can persist in the bloodstream for months to years after the infection. IgG tests are used to determine previous exposure to dengue virus or to identify individuals who have developed immunity to specific dengue serotypes.
The rapid diagnostic test or point-of-care tests are suitable for those who need fast result without equipment. Wizbiotech is devoted itself to develop these kind of test, to empower more primary healthcare facilities.
